Before Electrity
Before There Were Lights: A History of Electricity in the U.S.
For thousands of years, people all over the world have
been fascinated by lightning. Some people must have wondered how to put that
kind of power to practical use. But it wasn't until the 18th century that the
path to the everyday use of electrical power began to take shape.Maybe you have heard about the famous kite experiment by
American Founding Father and inventor Benjamin Franklin. In 1752, to prove that
lightning was electrical, he flew a kite during a thunderstorm.He tied a metal key onto the string and, as he suspected
it would, electricity from the storm clouds flowed down the string, which was
wet, and he received an electrical shock. Franklin was extremely lucky not to
have been seriously hurt during this experiment, but he was excited to have
proved his idea. Throughout the next hundred years, many inventors and
scientists tried to find a way to use electrical power to make light. In 1879,
the American inventor Thomas Edison was finally able to produce a reliable,
long-lasting electric light bulb in his laboratory.By the end of the 1880s, small electrical stations based
on Edison's designs were in a number of U.S. cities. But each station was able
to power only a few city blocks.
Although the majority of people living in larger towns
and cities had electricity by 1930, only 10 percent of Americans who lived on
farms and in rural areas had electric power. At this time, electric companies
were all privately owned and run to make money. These companies argued that it
would be too expensive to string miles of electric lines to farms. They also
thought farmers were too poor to pay for electric service.
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